Ubuntu安装NVIDIA显卡驱动教程

一、准备阶段

1.更新系统到最新版本

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

2.禁用开源驱动Nouveau

Nouveau是Ubuntu自带的显卡驱动，与NVIDIA驱动冲突

sudo vim/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

#在文件末尾添加以下内容
blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0

3.保存配置并重启

sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo init 6

4.开机验证

如果输入以下命令无输出代表禁用成功

lsmod | grep nouveau

5.卸载旧版NVIDIA驱动(没安装可跳过)

sudo apt purge nvidia-*
sudo apt autoremove

二、安装NVIDIA显卡驱动

1.自行到NVIDIA官网下载匹配您的显卡型号的驱动文件

2.关闭图形化界面

sudo systemctl stop gdm3	#如果您使用GNOME桌面请运行这个命令
sudo systemctl stop lightdm	#如果您曾经安装过这个桌面，请运行这个

3.安装NVIDIA显卡驱动

sudo chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-*.run
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-*.run --no-opengl-files --no-x-check --no-nouveau-check

• 安装过程中可全程使用默认参数(无脑回车即可)
• 最后一步，提示是否更新X11配置文件选择Yes

4.重启系统测试

sudo init 6

sudo nvidia-smi

#看到如下类似提示信息代表安装成功
Tue Dec 23 20:27:11 2025       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 590.48.01              Driver Version: 590.48.01      CUDA Version: 13.1     |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id          Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |           Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                        |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+========================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti     Off |   00000000:01:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
| 24%   33C    P8             23W /  250W |      93MiB /  22528MiB |      0%      Default |
|                                         |                        |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                              |
|  GPU   GI   CI              PID   Type   Process name                        GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                               Usage      |
|=========================================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A            1883      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                       77MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A            2084      G   /usr/bin/gnome-shell                     12MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+